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High Availability ensures your application remains operational even during server failures.

Functional requirements define what a system does, while non-functional requirements define how it performs.

Search engines collect, index, retrieve, and rank documents to provide relevant results.

Stream Processing Architecture helps turn incoming events into real-time insights efficiently.

A CDN speeds up web applications by caching content closer to users.

Load balancers distribute traffic across multiple servers to enhance performance and reliability.

Microservices and modular monoliths differ mainly in deployment and communication methods.

Availability is about access; reliability is about correct performance.

An API Gateway simplifies client access to backend services in microservices.

Monolithic and microservices architectures each have unique advantages and challenges for software development.

A single component's failure can take down your entire application, even with redundancy.

Stateless servers are easier to scale because they don't store user session data locally.

Choosing the right boundaries for microservices is crucial for effective architecture.

Dependency failures can disrupt applications, but resilience patterns can help manage them.

Microservices are useful when you need independent scaling, deployment, and clear boundaries in software design.

API Gateway, Proxy, and Load Balancer serve different roles in managing requests and traffic in systems.

A reverse proxy routes client requests to different backend services efficiently.

L4 and L7 load balancers differ in how they route network traffic based on layers of the OSI model.

REST, RPC, and gRPC are different methods for communication in software systems.

The USE Method helps find and analyze infrastructure bottlenecks in software systems.

FAANG engineers use high-level design principles to create scalable systems.

Database per Service ensures each microservice owns its data, reducing dependencies.

HLD provides an overview of system architecture, while LLD details implementation specifics.

The Bulkhead Pattern isolates resources to protect critical workloads from failures.

Microservices can communicate using five key patterns based on their needs.

Batch processing collects data to process later, while stream processing handles data in real-time.

Vertical scaling means upgrading one server, while horizontal scaling means adding more servers.

The Cache-Aside Pattern speeds up data retrieval by using a cache to store frequently accessed data.

Fault domains help prevent multiple servers from failing together in an architecture.

Tumbling windows are non-overlapping time segments, while hopping windows can overlap.

Cache penetration occurs when requests for non-existent data overload the database.

Caching helps applications respond faster by serving data from memory instead of hitting the database.