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Cassandra uses a masterless architecture to distribute and replicate data efficiently.

The choice between SQL and NoSQL databases depends on your application's specific needs.

Sharding splits databases into smaller parts to improve performance and scalability.

Database replication enhances data availability and read performance but has challenges like replication lag.

Apache Kafka is a system for managing large volumes of events efficiently.

Database bottlenecks slow down performance, but identifying them helps optimize and scale effectively.

Cache stampede occurs when many requests hit the database due to a cache miss.

Scaling databases involves deciding whether to enhance read or write capabilities based on traffic patterns.

Stateless servers are easier to scale because they don't store user session data locally.

MongoDB uses sharding to distribute data across multiple servers for better scalability.