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Database replication enhances data availability and read performance but has challenges like replication lag.

Elasticsearch CCR allows real-time data replication for faster disaster recovery.

Read replicas allow databases to handle more read requests by distributing them across multiple copies.

Quorum-based replication determines how many database replicas must agree for reads and writes.

The dual-write trap in Elasticsearch can cause data inconsistency during reindexing.

Kafka uses different strategies to assign partitions to consumers in a group efficiently.