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Database indexing speeds up data retrieval by allowing quick lookups.

The choice between SQL and NoSQL databases depends on your application's specific needs.

Composite indexes speed up database queries that filter or sort by multiple columns.

B-Trees help databases find data quickly without scanning every row.

Database bottlenecks slow down performance, but identifying them helps optimize and scale effectively.

Transactions ensure database operations are reliable using ACID properties.

Database isolation levels determine how transactions interact and affect data consistency.

Partition pruning helps databases skip unnecessary data scans, speeding up queries.

Choose Elasticsearch for complex text searches, but use databases for structured queries.

Choosing between a shared database and a database per service affects system design significantly.