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Graceful degradation allows apps to function partially during service failures.

Fallbacks allow systems to handle failures safely and maintain user experience.

Timeouts in distributed systems indicate suspicion, not confirmed failure.

The Bulkhead Pattern isolates resources to protect critical workloads from failures.

Fail Fast means stopping quickly on errors, while Fail Safe ensures safety in failures.

Cascading failures occur when one service's failure impacts others, causing widespread issues.

The CAP Theorem explains the trade-offs in distributed systems during network failures.

A timeout indicates a deadline was exceeded, not necessarily a failure.

An error budget shows how much downtime is acceptable while meeting reliability goals.

The USE Method helps find and analyze infrastructure bottlenecks in software systems.

Cache invalidation is about knowing when to refresh cached data.

Availability is about access; reliability is about correct performance.

Classifying failures and using controlled retries in Kafka prevents outages.

Crash failures stop a service, while network failures disrupt communication.

Distributed backpressure helps manage the flow of work between services to prevent overload.

Token Bucket allows burst traffic, while Leaky Bucket smooths out traffic flow.

Backpressure helps manage message flow in Kafka during traffic spikes.

Load shedding helps systems reject excess requests to maintain performance during high demand.

The Transactional Outbox Pattern ensures database updates and event publishing are synchronized to avoid losing events.

Cache breakdowns can overwhelm databases, but request coalescing solves this issue.

Failover ensures systems remain operational by managing leader changes during failures.

Kafka uses Dead Letter Topics to handle messages that repeatedly fail processing.

Cache penetration occurs when requests for non-existent data overload the database.

A Circuit Breaker helps prevent system failures by stopping calls to unhealthy services.

Raft's safety rules guarantee that committed entries are preserved even after leader failures.