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Kafka uses different strategies to assign partitions to consumers in a group efficiently.

Bully, Raft, and ZooKeeper are distinct algorithms for leader election in distributed systems.

Leader election helps distributed systems select one coordinator from many nodes.

Consistent hashing helps distribute data across servers with minimal movement.

Network partitions occur when servers are operational but can't communicate, affecting system performance.

ZooKeeper watches notify clients of changes, avoiding constant polling and reducing server load.

Leader election ensures a single node coordinates tasks in distributed systems, even after failures.

Log replication ensures data consistency by requiring majority acknowledgment before committing changes.

Kafka Partition Reassignment moves replicas between brokers while keeping data safe.