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REST API design focuses on creating clean, efficient, and scalable web services.

Monolithic and microservices architectures each have unique advantages and challenges for software development.

Load balancers distribute traffic across multiple servers to enhance performance and reliability.

Microservices are useful when you need independent scaling, deployment, and clear boundaries in software design.

Stateless servers are easier to scale because they don't store user session data locally.

The choice between SQL and NoSQL databases depends on your application's specific needs.

Latency is the time for one request, while throughput is how many requests are processed.

Message queues allow services to communicate asynchronously, improving scalability and reliability.

An API Gateway simplifies client access to backend services in microservices.

Database replication enhances data availability and read performance but has challenges like replication lag.

Database bottlenecks slow down performance, but identifying them helps optimize and scale effectively.