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HTTPS is a secure version of HTTP that encrypts data for safety.

The TLS handshake establishes a secure connection for HTTPS, ensuring data safety.

Secure API design requires multiple strategies to protect sensitive data and access.

The TCP 3-way handshake ensures reliable connection establishment between a client and server.

Encryption at rest and in transit are essential for protecting data both stored and in motion.

mTLS allows microservices to verify each other's identities using certificates.

Symmetric encryption uses one key, while asymmetric uses a pair of keys for security.

CSRF tricks your browser into making requests without your consent.

API keys help identify clients and control their access to APIs securely.

SSRF is a vulnerability where an attacker tricks a server into making unintended requests.

Microservices can communicate using five key patterns based on their needs.

Protobuf schema evolution requires careful changes to avoid breaking existing clients.

REST, RPC, and gRPC are different methods for communication in software systems.

Zero Trust Architecture ensures that no user or device is trusted by default.

Session-based authentication uses cookies to remember users after login.

Hashing is one-way for verification, while encryption is two-way for confidentiality.

KMS securely manages encryption keys to protect data from theft.

The CAP Theorem explains the trade-offs in distributed systems during network failures.

Container networking enables communication between services in different containers.

Password hashing with unique salts ensures security by creating different hashes for identical passwords.

OpenID Connect allows apps to authenticate users and verify their identities securely.

Synchronous communication waits for a response, while asynchronous continues without waiting.

OAuth 2.0 lets apps access user data securely without passwords.

gRPC allows efficient communication between services using a structured request-response model.

Paxos is a protocol that helps distributed systems agree on one value despite failures.

JWTs allow secure user authentication without needing session storage.

Raft and Paxos are protocols that help computers agree on values in distributed systems.

gRPC supports four communication patterns: Unary, Server Streaming, Client Streaming, and Bidirectional Streaming.

Network partitions occur when servers are operational but can't communicate, affecting system performance.

2-Phase Commit helps maintain data consistency in transactions across multiple databases.

Fail Fast means stopping quickly on errors, while Fail Safe ensures safety in failures.