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Kafka consumer offsets help track message processing to avoid loss and duplication.

Older offsets can overwrite newer ones in Kafka if not handled properly.

Kafka's subscribe() lets the group manage partitions, while assign() gives control to the application.

Kafka's assign() method allows manual control of partition assignments for consumers.

Kafka uses different strategies to assign partitions to consumers in a group efficiently.

Kafka offset reset determines where a consumer starts reading messages without a valid offset.

Kafka's `seek()` lets you replay only specific messages, saving time.

Kafka commit strategies determine how offsets are managed during message processing.

Eager rebalancing revokes all assignments, while cooperative allows incremental changes.

Kafka's commitSync waits for confirmation, while commitAsync continues immediately.

Kafka rebalance can lead to lost or duplicated work if not handled carefully.

Kafka consumers can use multiple threads to speed up message processing, but it complicates ordering and offset management.