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Secure API design requires multiple strategies to protect sensitive data and access.

Authentication verifies who you are, while authorization determines what you can do.

Data residency is crucial for compliance with laws about where data can be stored.

The TLS handshake establishes a secure connection for HTTPS, ensuring data safety.

Session-based authentication uses cookies to remember users after login.

SSRF is a vulnerability where an attacker tricks a server into making unintended requests.

API keys help identify clients and control their access to APIs securely.

Database per Service ensures each microservice owns its data, reducing dependencies.

Fail Fast means stopping quickly on errors, while Fail Safe ensures safety in failures.

Cache penetration occurs when requests for non-existent data overload the database.

Availability is about access; reliability is about correct performance.

Transactions ensure database operations are reliable using ACID properties.

The CAP Theorem explains the trade-offs in distributed systems during network failures.

The Bulkhead Pattern isolates resources to protect critical workloads from failures.

Functional requirements define what a system does, while non-functional requirements define how it performs.

JWTs allow secure user authentication without needing session storage.

Disaster recovery ensures systems can restore services and data after major disruptions.

OLTP handles transactions while OLAP is for data analysis and reporting.

Sharding splits databases into smaller parts to improve performance and scalability.

2-Phase Commit helps maintain data consistency in transactions across multiple databases.

Choosing the right boundaries for microservices is crucial for effective architecture.

Retention policies help manage how long data is kept in databases.

Protobuf schema evolution requires careful changes to avoid breaking existing clients.

Data warehouses help businesses analyze large amounts of data for better decision-making.

The choice between SQL and NoSQL databases depends on your application's specific needs.

REST API design focuses on creating clean, efficient, and scalable web services.

RPO and RTO are key metrics for planning disaster recovery strategies.

Distributed locks ensure only one server performs a task, avoiding duplication.