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Kafka Streams uses local state for quick data access and changelogs for recovery.

Kafka uses state stores to remember previous events in stateful stream processing.

Kafka consumers resume processing from the last committed offset after a crash.

Kafka rebalance can lead to lost or duplicated work if not handled carefully.

Kafka's assign() method allows manual control of partition assignments for consumers.

Kafka's subscribe() lets the group manage partitions, while assign() gives control to the application.

Poison messages in Kafka can cause infinite retries, risking system stability.

Kafka consumer reprocessing involves safely replaying events to correct system states.

Kafka uses Dead Letter Topics to handle messages that repeatedly fail processing.

Kafka consumers can pause and resume message processing to handle backpressure effectively.

Kafka uses partitions to allow parallel processing while ensuring message order with keys.

Older offsets can overwrite newer ones in Kafka if not handled properly.

Kafka's commitSync waits for confirmation, while commitAsync continues immediately.

Kafka commit strategies determine how offsets are managed during message processing.

Kafka offset reset determines where a consumer starts reading messages without a valid offset.

Kafka Rebalance Listeners help manage state during partition changes in consumer groups.

Kafka's static membership allows consumers to maintain stable identities, reducing unnecessary rebalances.

Eager rebalancing revokes all assignments, while cooperative allows incremental changes.

Fetch limits control data size from Kafka, while poll records limit processed records.

Kafka lag recovery time is how fast consumers can process backlogged messages.

Kafka uses heartbeats and timeouts to check if consumers are alive.

Kafka Partition Reassignment moves replicas between brokers while keeping data safe.

Kafka uses different strategies to assign partitions to consumers in a group efficiently.

Kafka rebalances consumer groups to manage partition assignments effectively.