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Microservices can communicate using five key patterns based on their needs.

The Bulkhead Pattern isolates resources to protect critical workloads from failures.

FAANG engineers use high-level design principles to create scalable systems.

Microservices are useful when you need independent scaling, deployment, and clear boundaries in software design.

The Saga Pattern manages distributed transactions using local transactions and compensating actions.

The retry pattern helps systems recover from temporary failures but can cause overload if misused.

Dependency failures can disrupt applications, but resilience patterns can help manage them.

The Transactional Outbox Pattern ensures database updates and event publishing are synchronized to avoid losing events.

Database per Service ensures each microservice owns its data, reducing dependencies.

The Cache-Aside Pattern speeds up data retrieval by using a cache to store frequently accessed data.

Choosing the right boundaries for microservices is crucial for effective architecture.

HLD provides an overview of system architecture, while LLD details implementation specifics.

Fallbacks allow systems to handle failures safely and maintain user experience.

Monolithic and microservices architectures each have unique advantages and challenges for software development.

A Circuit Breaker helps prevent system failures by stopping calls to unhealthy services.

The Circuit Breaker pattern controls service calls to prevent failures from spreading.

Microservices and modular monoliths differ mainly in deployment and communication methods.

Functional requirements define what a system does, while non-functional requirements define how it performs.

REST, RPC, and gRPC are different methods for communication in software systems.

Vertical scaling means upgrading one server, while horizontal scaling means adding more servers.

An API Gateway simplifies client access to backend services in microservices.

Elasticsearch index templates automatically apply settings to new indices based on patterns.

Search engines collect, index, retrieve, and rank documents to provide relevant results.

Availability is about access; reliability is about correct performance.

Load balancers distribute traffic across multiple servers to enhance performance and reliability.

Cache penetration occurs when requests for non-existent data overload the database.

Stateless servers are easier to scale because they don't store user session data locally.