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FAANG engineers use high-level design principles to create scalable systems.

Microservices can communicate using five key patterns based on their needs.

Microservices are useful when you need independent scaling, deployment, and clear boundaries in software design.

The Bulkhead Pattern isolates resources to protect critical workloads from failures.

Choosing the right boundaries for microservices is crucial for effective architecture.

Fallbacks allow systems to handle failures safely and maintain user experience.

Monolithic and microservices architectures each have unique advantages and challenges for software development.

REST, RPC, and gRPC are different methods for communication in software systems.

gRPC supports four communication patterns: Unary, Server Streaming, Client Streaming, and Bidirectional Streaming.

Microservices and modular monoliths differ mainly in deployment and communication methods.

Database per Service ensures each microservice owns its data, reducing dependencies.

Request-Response asks for a result, while Events notify that something has happened.

gRPC allows efficient communication between services using a structured request-response model.

API Gateway, Proxy, and Load Balancer serve different roles in managing requests and traffic in systems.

Distributed backpressure helps manage the flow of work between services to prevent overload.

Timeouts in distributed systems indicate suspicion, not confirmed failure.

A reverse proxy routes client requests to different backend services efficiently.

Protobuf schema evolution requires careful changes to avoid breaking existing clients.

An API Gateway simplifies client access to backend services in microservices.

The Circuit Breaker pattern controls service calls to prevent failures from spreading.

Service Discovery helps microservices locate each other dynamically without fixed IP addresses.

Choosing between a shared database and a database per service affects system design significantly.

A Circuit Breaker helps prevent system failures by stopping calls to unhealthy services.

Cascading failures occur when one service's failure impacts others, causing widespread issues.

Synchronous communication waits for a response, while asynchronous continues without waiting.

Message queues allow services to communicate asynchronously, improving scalability and reliability.

DNS helps microservices find each other, but it has limitations that may require a service registry.