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Change Data Capture allows real-time syncing of database changes to other systems.

Sharding splits databases into smaller parts to improve performance and scalability.

Database bottlenecks slow down performance, but identifying them helps optimize and scale effectively.

Cache stampede occurs when many requests hit the database due to a cache miss.

Partition pruning helps databases skip unnecessary data scans, speeding up queries.

Write-Ahead Log ensures data is safely recorded before changes are made.

MongoDB uses sharding to distribute data across multiple servers for better scalability.

Cache penetration occurs when requests for non-existent data overload the database.