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REST API design focuses on creating clean, efficient, and scalable web services.

An API Gateway simplifies client access to backend services in microservices.

Idempotency ensures that repeated operations in APIs do not cause duplicate effects.

API Gateway, Proxy, and Load Balancer serve different roles in managing requests and traffic in systems.

REST, RPC, and gRPC are different methods for communication in software systems.

A reverse proxy routes client requests to different backend services efficiently.

FAANG interviewers evaluate problem understanding, architecture, scalability, and communication skills.

HLD provides an overview of system architecture, while LLD details implementation specifics.

Database per Service ensures each microservice owns its data, reducing dependencies.

Connection pooling reuses database connections but can cause issues if misconfigured.

Choosing the right boundaries for microservices is crucial for effective architecture.

Microservices can communicate using five key patterns based on their needs.

Search engines collect, index, retrieve, and rank documents to provide relevant results.

Token Bucket allows burst traffic, while Leaky Bucket smooths out traffic flow.

Protobuf schema evolution requires careful changes to avoid breaking existing clients.

HTTP methods tell the server what to do, and status codes tell us the result.

The Token Bucket algorithm helps manage how many requests a server can handle.

Elasticsearch mapping defines how fields are indexed and searched, with dynamic and explicit options.

Choosing between a shared database and a database per service affects system design significantly.

Monolithic and microservices architectures each have unique advantages and challenges for software development.

Microservices and modular monoliths differ mainly in deployment and communication methods.